11/12/2022 0 Comments Bipolar square waveElectrical pulsing experiments substantiate the optical observations very clearly. The wall thickness is small, of the order of one to a few lattice constants the wall energy in BaTiO3 is of the order of 10 erg/cm2. The explanation of this behavior is found in the weak coupling between the dipoles perpendicular to the dipole direction. Instead its polarization is changed by the formation of very many new anti-parallel domains which are extremely thin (10-4 cm) and appear to grow only in the forward direction. The sidewise motion of the 180° side walls (walls between domains with antiparallel polarization) which is common in ferromagnetic crystals is almost never found in barium titanate. The manner of growth of these domains is very different from that of domain growth in ferromagnetic materials. When the electric field applied along this direction is reversed, new domains with opposite polarization are formed. The optical and electrical measurements were made on thin single-crystal plates normal to c, the polar direction. The nucleation and growth of ferroelectric domains in barium titanate have been studied as a function of applied electric field and temperature.
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